Physically, the computer consists of several components, which is a system. System are the components work together to form a union. If one component does not work, will result in malfunction of the existing processes with a good computer. Computer components are included in the category of hardware elements (hardware). Based on the function, the computer hardware is divided into:
A. divice input (input unit)
2. Process device (processing unit)
3. Output device (unit output)
4. Backing Storage (storage unit)
5. Peripherals (additional units)
The basic components of the computer consists of input, process, output and storage. The input device consists of a keyboard and mouse, Process device is microprocessor (ALU, Internal Communication, and Control Registers section), Output device consists of a monitor and printer, external memory storage consists of hard drives, floppy drives, CD ROM, magnetic tape. Internal storage memory comprises RAM and ROM. While the components of Peripheral Device is an additional component or as a component that does not exist or did not exist before. Peripheral components of this example: TV Tuner Card, Modem, Capture Card.
A. Unit Input (Input Device)
This unit serves as a medium to incorporate external data into a memory and processor to be processed to produce the required information. Input devices or input unit which is generally used personal computer (PC) is a keyboard and mouse, keyboard and mouse is a unit that connects the user (users) with a computer. In addition there is a joystick, which is used for playing games or games with a computer. Then the scanner, to take pictures as digital images that can later be manipulated. Touch panel, with the touch of a finger users can perform a file access process. Microphone, to record the sound into the computer.
Data is entered into the computer system can be shaped input signal input and maintenance. Signal input form data entered into the computer system, while maintenance program input form used to process the data entered. So in addition to input device used to input data can also be used to enter the program. By its nature, the input devices can be classified into two general categories:
• peratalan direct input, the input is entered directly processed by the processing tool. For example: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, light pen, graphics digitizer tablet, scanner.
• Equipment not a direct input, input via a particular medium before an input is processed by a processing tool. For example: the punched card, floppy disk, hard disk.
Unit of input or input device consists of several kinds of devices, namely:
a. Keyboard
Keyboard input is the most important unit in a data processing with computers. The keyboard works include letters, numbers, special characters as well as a medium for the user (users) to perform other commands are required, such as saving a file and open the file. Creation of a computer keyboard comes from the typewriter model was created and patented by Christopher Latham in 1868, and in 1887 the company manufactured and marketed by Remington. The keyboard is digunakanan now this is kind of QWERTY, in 1973, was inaugurated as the keyboard standard keyboard ISO (International Standards Organization). The number keys on the keyboard consists of 104 keys. The keyboard is now that we know has some kind of port, the serial port, ps2, usb and wireless.Type of Keyboard:
A.) QWERTY
2.) Dvorak
3.) KLOCKENBERG
Keyboard typically used is the type QWERTY keyboard, which is shaped like the keys on the typewriter. The QWERTY keyboard has four parts:
A. typewriter key
2. numeric key
3. function key
4. special function key.
b. Mouse
Mouse is one input unit (input device). This tool is a function pointer or cursor to move quickly. In addition, orders can be as practical and faster than the keyboard. Mouse began to be used to its full potential since the operating system has been based GUI (Graphical User Interface). electrical signals as a mouse input device is generated by a small ball inside the mouse, according to the shifting or movement. Most of the mouse consists of three buttons, two buttons are generally only used the left button and right button. Currently the mouse is also equipped with rollers (scroll), where the location of the button is located in the middle. The term suppression is called by clicking the left button (Click) where the emphasis is going to function when the mouse is on a designated object, but if not on a designated object of this emphasis will be ignored. There are also other terms that are called by dragging (drag) is pressing the left mouse button without releasing the while being moved. This drag will cause the object to be moved or copied to other objects and other possibilities. The emphasis of the left mouse button twice quickly and regularly referred to by double-clicking (double click) while pressing the right mouse button once called by right-clicking (right click) Mouse port is composed of several serial mouse, mouse ps / 2, USB and wireless .Wireless Mouse
c. Touchpad
Enter this unit can usually be found on laptops and notebooks, by using your fingertips. Normally this unit can be used instead of a mouse. In addition to the touchpad is a similar model units enter the pointing stick and trackball.
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